EXPLANATION TEXT

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A. Definition of Explanatory Text

Explanatory text is a text that is used to explain the way (process) something happens, especially those related to natural phenomena, the scientific or socio-cultural world. Its purpose is to tell the reader or listener how something happened. An explanatory text usually comes from the author's question about "why" and "how" of an existing phenomenon.

B. Purpose of Explanatory Text

The purpose of the Explanatory Text is to explain the processes that occur in the formation of something or activity related to natural, social, scientific, cultural, and other phenomena that aim to explain why and how it occurs.

C. Characteristics of Explanatory Text

Derived from the author's question about "why" and "how" to existing phenomena
lifted from the phenomenon, the focus of the material is not on objects or people, but on events or events that occur to that person or thing.
Using the Simple Present Tense
Using action verbs
Use the passive voice
Use a noun phrase
Use adverbial phrases
Using technical terms
Using general and abstract nouns
Using the relationship between time and cause and effect.

D. Generic Structure Explanatory Text

1. A General Statement

Namely the introduction of an event that we will tell you about. Or an overview of the event. In a general statement contains a general explanation of the phenomenon to be discussed, it can be an introduction to the phenomenon or an explanation.

2. A Squenced of Explanation

This is an explanation of why and how it happened. In this section the writer can write more than one paragraph. The sequential explanation contains an explanation of the process why this phenomenon can occur or be created. The condensed explanation is in the form of answers to the author's questions 'why' and 'how' when creating the explanatory text. The explanation can be more than one paragraph.

3. Closing

Namely the conclusion or conclusion of the story. Actually, the closing is not listed in the generic structure of the Explanatory text, but most people assume that the last paragraph of the Explanation text is the closing, even though it is part of the exponential exploration that contains the final steps described in the squenced of the explanation section.

E. Example of Explanation Text

Rainbow

Rainbows are a meteorological phenomenon caused by the reflection, refraction and scattering of light in water droplets which results in a spectrum of light appearing in the sky. The shape is a colorful bow. Rainbows caused by sunlight always appear in the part of the sky directly facing the sun.

The rainbow can become a full circle; However, the average observer sees only an arc formed by the light droplets above the ground, and centered on a line from the sun to the observer's eye.

In the primary rainbow, the bow shows red on the outside and purple on the inside. This rainbow is caused by light being refracted when entering a water droplet, then reflected inward on the back of the droplet and refracted as it exits.

In a double rainbow, the second arc is visible outside the primary arc, and the order of the colors is reversed, with red on the inside of the arc.